Things to Be Aware of When Traveling Domestically in the United States as a Green Card Holder
Traveling within the United States may seem routine, especially for individuals who are lawful permanent residents. However, green card holders and other non-U.S. citizens should understand their rights and responsibilities when traveling domestically. Changes in immigration enforcement practices and increased information sharing between government agencies make it important to stay informed and carry the appropriate identification and immigration documents.
Carry Your Green Card at All Times
Federal law requires lawful permanent residents who are 18 years of age or older to carry their Permanent Resident Card (Green Card), or other acceptable evidence of registration, at all times. Your green card serves as proof of your lawful immigration status in the United States.
Before traveling, make sure your green card is valid and accessible. It is also a good idea to keep copies of important immigration documents in a secure location in case your original documents are lost or stolen.
Be Aware of Airport Travel and Immigration Enforcement
When traveling by air, passengers must go through airport security and provide identification as required. Green card holders should carry their green cards along with other appropriate identification.
The original document also raises concerns about information sharing between the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). Because agency practices and information-sharing policies may change, travelers should not assume that airport travel is entirely separate from immigration enforcement.
Individuals who have outstanding removal orders, unresolved immigration matters, or other immigration-related concerns should consult an experienced immigration attorney before traveling.
Be Cautious During Traffic Stops
Immigration-related concerns may also arise during routine traffic stops. Some state and local law enforcement agencies cooperate with federal immigration authorities under applicable laws and agreements.
The original advisory identifies Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, and Florida as states where travelers should be particularly aware of local law enforcement practices.
Even a minor traffic violation can lead to additional questions or an encounter with law enforcement. Make sure your driver’s license, vehicle registration, and insurance documents are current, and understand your rights if questioned about your immigration status.
Understand Border Patrol Authority Near U.S. Borders
Federal immigration law gives Border Patrol agents certain authority to conduct immigration-related inspections within a reasonable distance of the U.S. border. Federal regulations generally define this distance as 100 air miles from an external boundary of the United States.
This authority can include boarding and searching certain vehicles and transportation conveyances, including buses and trains, without a warrant. However, this does not mean that every passenger can automatically be stopped, searched, or questioned without regard to applicable legal requirements.
Travelers should understand that immigration enforcement activity may occur even when they are not directly crossing an international border.
Protect Yourself Before Traveling
If you are a green card holder with a pending immigration case, prior removal order, criminal history, or other immigration concerns, it is important to understand the potential consequences of travel.
Before making travel arrangements:
- Carry your valid green card and appropriate identification.
- Keep copies of important immigration documents.
- Make sure your driver’s license and vehicle documents are current.
- Understand your rights during encounters with law enforcement.
- Consult an immigration attorney if you have a prior removal order or unresolved immigration issue.
Speak With an Immigration Attorney
Domestic travel should not create unnecessary uncertainty about your immigration status. Understanding your rights and preparing the appropriate documents can help you make informed decisions before traveling.
At the Law Offices of Henry Haddad, we assist individuals with immigration-related concerns and help them understand their legal options. If you have questions about domestic travel, immigration enforcement, or your green card status, contact our office to discuss your situation.
Disclaimer: This article provides general information and is not a substitute for legal advice. Immigration laws and enforcement practices may change. Consult an attorney regarding your individual circumstances.